Keywords: Settlement, Urbanisation, Human Elective, Leaving Certificate, Urban Growth, Settlement Patterns, Urban Development, City Planning, Population Distribution, Urbanization Trends
Key Lessons from "Leaving Certificate Geography Notes: Settlement & Urbanisation" · Settlement Distribution: Settlements develop based on access to resources, flat land, and proximity to services. Settlement patterns include dispersed, linear, and nucleated arrangements, influenced by physical geography and historical factors. · Challenges in Urban Areas: Rapid city growth in developing regions leads to issues like overcrowding, pollution, and inadequate housing, as seen in favelas of São Paulo or the smog in Delhi. These challenges highlight the need for better urban planning and infrastructure. · Central Place Theory: Walter Christaller's theory explains how settlements are hierarchically organized based on their size and the services they provide. Larger settlements serve broader areas, offering specialized goods and services, while smaller ones cater to daily needs. · Urban Expansion and Environmental Impact: Urban sprawl leads to heritage loss, air pollution, and waste management challenges. Strategies like pedestrian zones, improved public transport, and waste reduction policies aim to address these issues. · Effective Urban Planning: Successful strategies, such as preserving historical buildings and improving urban transport, can mitigate urban challenges. Examples include the Urban Renewal Act in Dublin and traffic reduction measures to combat air pollution. |
Important Takeaways: Leaving Certificate Geography – Settlement & Urbanisation 1. Settlement Patterns: Settlement distribution is shaped by access to resources, flat land, and proximity to services. Common patterns include dispersed, linear, and nucleated settlements, each influenced by physical geography and historical factors. 2. Urban Challenges in Developing Countries: Rapid urbanization in cities like São Paulo and Delhi leads to issues such as overcrowding, pollution, and inadequate housing. These challenges highlight the urgent need for effective urban planning. 3. Central Place Theory: Walter Christaller's theory explains the hierarchical organization of settlements based on their size and the services they provide. Larger settlements serve wider areas with specialized services, while smaller settlements focus on daily needs. 4. Environmental and Heritage Issues: Urban expansion causes problems like air pollution, waste management, and the loss of historic buildings. Strategies like the Urban Renewal Act and improved waste disposal systems aim to address these challenges. 5. Urban Planning Strategies: Effective urban planning can mitigate issues like traffic congestion, housing shortages, and environmental degradation. Examples include Dublin’s Urban Renewal Act and measures to reduce emissions in cities. |
Keywords: Settlement, Urbanisation, Human Elective, Leaving Certificate, Urban Growth, Settlement Patterns, Urban Development, City Planning, Population Distribution, Urbanization Trends
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